Biography

Childhood and education: Greece-Munich-Milano 1888-1909

Giuseppe Maria Alberto Giorgio de Chirico was born on 10 July 1888 in Volos, Greece, to Italian parents. His father Evaristo came from a noble family of Sicilian origin and was a railway engineer in charge of the construction of the Thessaly railway. His mother Gemma Cervetto came from a family of Genovese origin. In 1891, his elder sister Adelaide died. In August, his brother Andrea (who changed his name to Alberto Savinio in 1914) was born in Athens. In 1896, the family returned to Volos where they stayed until 1899 and where Giorgio took his first drawing lessons. They returned to the capital where Giorgio attended the Athens Polytechnic form 1903-1906.

After several years of ill health, his father died in May 1905 at the age of 62. In September 1906, his mother decided to leave Greece with her sons. After two short stopovers in Venice and Milan, the family settled in Munich where Giorgio attended the Academy of Fine Arts whilst Andrea studied music. Giorgio studied the art of Arnold Böcklin and Max Klinger, and read the works of Nietzsche, Schopenhauer and Weininger with great interest. In June 1909, he joined his mother and brother in Milan. He painted Böcklin-inspired paintings during this period. He suffered from severe intestinal illness brought about by the death of his father.

Metaphysical Art: Florence-Paris-Ferrara 1910-1918

In March 1910, the family moved to Florence where their paternal aunt and uncle lived. As de Chirico would later write in his Memoirs: “My health grew worse in Florence. Sometimes I painted small canvases. The Böcklin period had passed and I had begun to paint subjects in which I tried to express the strong and mysterious feeling I had discovered in Nietzsche’s writings: the melancholy of beautiful autumn afternoons in Italian cities”. He painted his first metaphysical painting entitled The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon, inspired by a vision he had in Piazza Santa Croce. Prior to this painting, he executed The Enigma of the Oracle and later, The Enigma of the Hour as well as the famous self-portrait inscribed with the Nietszchean epigraph “Et quid amabo nisi quod aenigma est?” (And what shall I love, if not that which is enigma?). On 14 July 1911, he arrived in Paris, where he developed the Italian Piazza theme. In the autumn of 1912, he showed his work for the first time at Salon d’Automne. In March 1913, he exhibited at Salon des Indépendants. Picasso and Apollinaire took notice of his work. Apollinaire, who greatly admired his paintings, wrote a review of the exhibition the artist held in his studio in October in “L’Intransigeant”. He defined de Chirico as “the most surprising painter of the young generation”. In January 1914, the two began to collaborate with one another as seen in the artist’s letters to the poet. De Chirico introduced his brother Savinio to Apollinaire at the end of January. The two attended Les Soirées de Paris together. He met Paul Guillaume, his first dealer, as well as Ardengo Soffici, Constantin Brancusi, Max Jacob and André Derain. He painted his well-known Portrait of Apollinaire; the following year the poet dedicated the poem Océan de Terre to him. He started work on the Mannequin theme.

In May 1915, de Chirico and Savinio returned to Italy to report to the military authorities in Florence and were sent to Ferrara. De Chirico, assigned to non-combat duty, remained in Ferrara where he painted the first works on the Metaphysical Interior theme. During the same period, he painted The Great Metaphysician, Hector and Andromache, The Troubadour and The Disquieting Muses. In 1916, he met Filippo de Pisis who was just 20 years old at the time. In 1917, he spent a few months at the Villa del Seminario military hospital for nervous disorders where Carlo Carrà had also been admitted. He came into contact with the Dada circle of Tristan Tzara and the magazine “Dada 2”. He remained in touch with the Parisian milieu and continued to send his artwork to Paul Guillaume, who held an innovative exhibition on 3 November 1918 presenting the artist’s paintings on-stage at Théâtre du Vieux-Colombier accompanied by an introductory text. Apollinaire passed away on 9 November 1918. The essay Zeusi l’esploratore came out in the first issue of “Valori Plastici”, dedicated to the magazine’s founder Mario Broglio. In the essay, he proclaimed: “It is necessary to discover the demon in all things. […] It is necessary to discover the eye in all things. […] We are explorers ready for new departures”.

The Romantic-classical period: Rome 1919-1925

De Chirico moved to Rome on 1 January 1919, from where he kept up an intense correspondence with his fiancée Antonia Bolognesi, whom he met in the autumn of 1917 in Ferrara and intended to marry. The relationship came to an end in December 1919.

In February, he held his first solo show at Casa d’Arte Bragaglia in Rome. His essay entitled Noi Metafisici was published in “Cronache d’Attualità” in which he wrote: “Schopenhauer and Nietzsche were the first to teach the profound importance of the non-sense of life and how such non-sense can be transferred to Art […]. The capable and new craftsmen are philosophers who have surpassed philosophy”. During this period, his interest in the work of the Great Masters intensified. He became a frequent visitor of museums in Rome and Florence, executing a number of pastiches of works of the Italian Masters. He studied tempera and panel painting techniques in Florence. In 1921, he held a solo show at Galleria Arte in Milan. He began corresponding with André Breton the same year. He published articles on Raphael, Böcklin, Klinger, Previati, Renoir, Gauguin and Morandi in various periodicals. In 1922, an important exhibition of his work was held at Galerie Paul Guillaume in Paris which included 55 works. Breton wrote the introduction to the accompanying catalogue. In 1923, Paul Éluard and his wife Gala visited de Chirico whilst in Rome for the II Roman Biennial and purchased several of his paintings. He participated in the XIV Venice Biennial. During 1924 in Rome, he met his wife-to-be, the Russian ballerina and future archaeologist Raissa Gourevitch Krol. At the end of the year in Paris he designed the stage sets and costumes for Pirandello’s La Giara with music by Alfredo Casella for the Swedish Ballet Company. Rêve was published in the first issue of “La Révolution Surréaliste”, whilst he was immortalised by Man Ray in a famous group portrait. He settled permanently in the French capital in 1925.

The Second Period in Paris and in Italy: Paris-Milan-Florence 1925-1935

He began work on the Metaphysics of Light and Mediterranean Myth themes, creating subject matter such as the Archaeologists, Horses by the Seashore, Trophies, Landscapes in a Room, Furniture in the Valley and the Gladiators. Following a solo show at Galerie Léonce Rosenberg, his recent work was heavily criticised by the Surrealists. By this time, his rupture with the group was definitive and destined to worsen in the years to come. De Chirico made the acquaintance of Albert C. Barnes, who would become an avid patron of his work. In 1928, Jean Cocteau’s Le Mystère Laïc – Essai d’étude indirecte was published with lithographs by the artist and Piccolo Trattato di Tecnica Pittorica [Breif treatise on Painting Technique] was published by Scheiwiller. In 1929, Pierre Levy’s Éditions du Carrefour published Hebdomeros, le peintre et son génie chez l’écrivain [The Painter and his Genius as a Writer]. He designed the costumes for Le Bal produced by Serge Diaghilev’s Ballets Russes (Monte Carlo, Paris and London). He exhibited in Italy and abroad (Paris, Berlin, Hamburg, Amsterdam, Brussels, London and New York).

During this period, he painted still lifes, portraits and female nudes of a luminous naturalism. Gallimard published Apollinaire’s Calligrammes illustrated with 66 lithographs by the artist, in which the Sun on the Easel theme first appeared. He married Raissa on 3 February 1930 when their relationship was already in difficulty. In the autumn, he met Isabella Pakszwer (later known as Isabella Far) who became his second wife and remained his life-long companion. His break-up with Raissa was complete by late 1931. De Chirico and Isabella moved to Florence where they stayed for a year. He exhibited at the XVIII Venice Biennial in the gallery dedicated to Italian artists in Paris. In 1933, he participated in Milan’s V Triennial for which he painted the monumental fresco La cultura italiana. He continued his work for the theatre, creating the set designs and costumes for I Puritani by Bellini for I Maggio Musicale Fiorentino (1933) and the set designs for D’Annunzio’s La figlia di Jorio directed by Pirandello at Rome’s Teatro Argentina. In 1934, he illustrated Cocteau’s Mythologie with ten lithographs on the Mysterious Baths theme. He participated in the II Roman Quadrennial with 45 paintings of which seven from this new theme.

America: New York 1936-1938

In August 1936, he went to New York where he exhibited his recent work at the Julien Levy Gallery. A number of paintings were bought by Albert C. Barnes for his museum as well as by other art collectors. The artist collaborated with magazines such as “Vogue” and “Harper’s Bazaar”. He also executed a mural entitled Petronius and the Modern-day Adonis in Tails for the tailor Scheiner and decorated a wall at Helena Rubinstein’s beauty institute. He designed a dining room for Decorators Picture Gallery, in an initiative in which Picasso and Matisse also participated. In June 1937, he received news from his brother of their mother’s death.

Europe pre and postwar: Milan-Paris-Florence-Rome 1938-1946

In January 1938, he returned to Italy and settled in Milan, before leaving for Paris, outraged by Italy’s racial laws. He exhibited in Rome’s III Quadrennial d’Arte Nazionale. During the war, a Florentine antiquarian and friend, Luigi Bellini, hosted de Chirico and Isabella, who was a Russian Jew born in Warsaw. He began creating terracotta sculptures: The Archaeologists, Hector and Andromache, Hippolytus and his Horse and a Pietà. He published Il Signor Dudron in “Prospettive” and an essay on sculpture Brevis Pro Plastica Oratio in “Aria d’Italia”. In 1941, James Thrall Soby published The Early Chirico. Hebdomeros was published in Italian translation by the artist in 1942. He wrote a number of critical/theoretical articles for various periodicals, which were later included in Commedia dell’arte moderna (Rome 1945) with essays from the “Valori Plastici” period. In 1944, he settled permanently in Rome. Irving Penn photographed the artist with a laurel crown in a celebrative and ironic pose. In 1945, he published the autobiographies: Memorie della mia vita [The Memoirs of Giorgio de Chirico] and 1918-1925 – Ricordi di Roma. He intensified research on the great masters and executed a number of pastiches of paintings by Rubens, Delacroix, Titian, Watteau, Fragonard and Courbet. He began a fierce battle against the falsification of his painting, which had begun in the mid-1920s. On 18 May 1946, he married Isabella Pakszwer. In June 1946, the Parisian Galerie Allard organised, with Breton’s approval, a de Chirico show containing 20 fake metaphysical works by the Surrealist painter Oscar Dominguez.

Rome at last: Piazza di Spagna 1947-1967

In 1947, he set up studio in an apartment located at 31 Piazza di Spagna, where moved the following year and spent the rest of his life. At the end of 1948, he was elected an honorary member of the Royal Society of British Artists. In 1949, he held a solo show with the prestigious society. In 1950, as an act of protest to the Venice Biennial where a “formidable fake” had been exhibited two years earlier and the prize for Metaphysical Painting had been awarded Giorgio Morandi, he organised an “Anti-Biennial”, exhibiting his work with other “anti-modern” artists at Venice’s Bucintoro Rowing Club. Similar shows took place in 1952 and 1954. On 5 May 1952, Alberto Savinio died in Rome. He illustrated Manzoni’s The Betrothed in 1965 and Quasimodo’s translation of The Iliad in 1968. At the end of the 1960s, he began to cast bronze sculptures.

The final years - Metaphsyical Art: Rome 1968-1978

The 80-year-old artist could work freely once more following a period in which his time had been occupied with filling art commission contracts. He began a phase of research known as Neometaphysical Art, in which he re-elaborated subject matter from his painting and graphic work of the 1910s, 1920s and 1930s. Subjects such as the Mannequin, the Troubadour, the Archaeologists, the Gladiators, the Mysterious Baths and the Sun on the Easel were interpreted in a different light with brighter colours and serene atmospheres compared to the disquieting mood seen in his early metaphysical period. With profound poetry, new combinations of subjects appeared within the innovative spatial compositions such as the Italian Piazza and the Metaphysical Interior, newly inhabited by mythological characters such as Minerva and Mercury.

In 1970, an important retrospective of the artist’s work was held at Palazzo Reale in Milan. In 1971, Claudio Bruni Sakraischik began publishing the Catalogo generale di Giorgio de Chirico [Catalogue of Works]. The following year, De Chirico by de Chirico was held at the New York Cultural Center including 182 works from the artist’s collection including paintings, drawings, sculptures and lithographs. De Chirico travelled to New York for the occasion. In 1973, he created the Mysterious Baths Fountain in Milan’s Sempione Park for the XV Triennial. The same year, he travelled to Greece where the documentary, Il mistero dell’infinito was filmed for RAI television. In November 1974, he was elected to the Academy of France.
On 20 November 1978, Giorgio de Chirico died in Rome at 90 years of age. In 1992, his remains were transferred to the San Francesco a Ripa church, located in the Trastevere quarter of Rome.

Giorgio de Chirico dressed in Tsoliás costume, Athens 1891 ca.
Giorgio with his mother and brother Andrea, late 1890s
Giorgio de Chirico with his parents Gemma and Evaristo, and his brother Andrea, Volos 1897
Munich Academy of Fine Arts
Filippo De Pisis and Giorgio de Chirico, Ferrara 1918
Giorgio de Chirico in Munich 1907 (detail)
Giorgio de Chirico in the Parisian studio with “The Archaeologists”, 1928 ca.
Giorgio de Chirico in the Parisian studio with “The Large Figures”, Paris 1929
Giorgio de Chirico, Le Bal, Montecarlo 1929
Giorgio de Chirico and Isabella with Giorgio Castelfranco, Florence 1932 ca.
Giorgio de Chirico, United States of America 1937
Giorgio and Isabella de Chirico with “Bathers at the Seashore” (1934), 1950s
Giorgio de Chirico in the studio with bust of Minerva
Giorgio de Chirico, double self-portrait with the painting “Self-portrait in Armour”, 1948 (after Velázquez), photograph by Philippe Halsman 1951
Giorgio de Chirico drawing a portait of Picasso, 1960s
Giorgio de Chirico on the terrace of his apartment in Piazza di Spagna, 1960s
Giorgio de Chirico, Athens 1974
In the studio with “Ancient Horses”, Rome 1960s
Giorgio de Chirico, Turin 1969
Giorgio de Chirico, 1960s
Bio 12. De Chirico Con Il Pittore Russo Kokockine Mentre Dipinge La Prima Scena Per Le Bal Montecarlo 1929

Artwork

Paintings

Paintings 1909-1910

G. de Chirico, The Departure of the Argonauts, 1909-1910, oil on canvas, 73×92 cm, private collection La Partenza degli Argonauti,
G. de Chirico, Sphinx, 1909, oil on canvas, 76×120 cm, private collection Sfinge
G. de Chirico, Battle of Centaurs, 1909 oil on canvas, 75×100 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome
G. de Chirico, Dying Centaur, 1909, oil on canvas, 118×75 cm, INA Assitalia collection
G. de Chirico, Prometheus, 1909-1910, oil on canvas, 117×81 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Portrait of the Artist’s Brother, 1910, oil on canvas, 119×75 cm, Staatliche Museen zu Berlin

Paintings 1910-1920

G. de Chirico, Ettore e Andromaca, 1917, olio su tela, cm 90×60, collezione privata
G. de Chirico, The Delights of the Poet, 1912, oil on canvas, 69.5×86.3 cm, private collection Les plaisirs du poete
G. de Chirico, Study, 1913, oil on canvas, 90,5×72,5 cm, private collection Etude
G. de Chirico, The Enigma of a Day I, first half of 1914, oil on canvas, 185.5×139.7 cm, MoMA, New York L’enigme d’une journee
G. de Chirico, The Nostalgia of the Poet, summer-autumn 1914, oil on canvas, 89.7×40.7 cm, Peggy Guggenheim collection, Venice La nostalgie du poete
G. de Chirico, Portrait of Guillaume Apollinaire, 1914, oil on canvas, 81.5×65 cm, Centre National d’Art et de Culture Georges Pompidou, Paris Portrait de Guillaume Apollinaire
G. de Chirico, The Song of Love, mid-1914, oil on canvas, 73×59.1 cm, MoMA, New York Le chant d’amour
G. de Chirico, The Double Dream of Spring, 1915, oil on canvas, 56.2×54.3 cm, MoMA, New York Le double reve du printemps
G. de Chirico, The Sacred Fish, early 1919, oil on canvas, 74.9×61.9 cm, private collection I pesci sacri
G. de Chirico, The Amusements of a Young Girl, winter 1915, oil on canvas, 47.5×40.3 cm, MoMA, New York Les projets de la jeune fille
G. de Chirico, Metaphysical Interior with Large Factory, 1916, oil on canvas, 96.3×73.8 cm, Staatsgalerie, Stuttgart Interno metafisico
G. de Chirico, The Revolt of the Sage, 1916, oil on canvas, 67.3×59 cm, Estorick Collection of Modern Italian Art, London La révolte du sage
G. de Chirico, Evangelical Still Life I, 1916, oil on canvas, 80.5×71.4 cm, Osaka City Museum of Modern Art, Osaka Natura morta evangelica
G. de Chirico, The Disquieting Muses, 1918, oil on canvas, 97×66 cm, private collection Le muse inquietanti
G. de Chirico, Hermetic Melancholy, early 1919, oil on canvas, 62×50 cm, Musée d’Art Moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris Malinconia ermetica
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait, 1911, oil on canvas, 72.5×55 cm, private collection Portrait de l’artiste par lui meme
G. de Chirico, The Enigma of the Hour, 1910, oil on canvas, 55×71 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Enigma of the Oracle, 1910, oil on canvas, 42×61 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Enigma of an Autumn Afternoon, 1910, oil on canvas, 45×60 cm, private collection

Paintings 1920-1930

G. de Chirico, Portrait of a Pregnant Woman (after Raphael), 1920, oil on panel, 65×49 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation, 1987) La gravida copia da Raffaello
G.de Chirico, Two Mythological Figures, 1927, oil on canvas, 130.5×162 cm, Museo di Arte moderna contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto, Rovereto Due figure mitologiche
G. de Chirico, Trophy with Head of Jupiter, 1929-1930, oil on canvas, 100×80 cm, private collection Trofeo con testa di Giove
G. de Chirico, The Condottiero, 1925, oil on canvas, 80,4×62,7 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait, 1920, tempera on canvas, 30×24 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Salutation of the Departing Argonauts, 1920, tempera on canvas, 54×73 cm, Museo d’Arte Contemporanea del Castello di Rivoli, Collezione FrancescoCerruti
G. de Chirico, Ego quoque in Arcadia vixi, 1923 circa, oil on panel, 46×31,1 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Archaeologist, 1927, oil on canvas, 96×128 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Gladiators at Rest, 1928-1929, oil on canvas, 15×198 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Prodigal Son, 1926, olio su tela, 100×80 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Muses of the Home, 1926, oil on canvas, 133×70.5 cm, private collection

Paintings 1930-1940

G. de Chrico, Self-portrait, 1930, oil on canvas, 72×60 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Still life, 1930, oil on canvas, 60×74 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Noblemen and the Bourgeois, 1933, oil on canvas, 116×90 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait in the Parisian Studio, 1934, oil on canvas, 130×76 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation 1987)
G. de Chirico, Diana asleep in the Woods, 1934 circa, oil on canvas, 90,5×117 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation 1987)
G. de Chirico, Return to the Country of Birth, 1934, oil on canvas, 110×80 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Mysterious Baths, 1935, oil on canvas, 38×46 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Poetical Dreamer, 1937, oil on canvas, 36,5×27,8 cm, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem
G. de Chirico, Horses and Horsemen at the Seashore, 1932 circa, oil on canvas, 65×80 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Mysterious Swan, 1934, oil on canvas, 60,6×50,2 cm, Barnes Collection, Philadelphia
G. de Chirico, Italian Piazza, 1938, oil on canvas, 53×70 cm, private collection

Paintings 1940-1950

G. de Chirico, Angelica e Ruggero, 1946-1950, oil on canvas, 152×103 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico transfer 2003)
G. de Chirico, The Climb to the Cavalry, 1947, oil on canvas, 185×160 cm, Comunità Francescana di San Francesco a Ripa Grande, Rome
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait in Black Costume, 1948-1954 circa, oil on canvas, 152,5×89,5 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation 1987)
G. de Chirico, White Horse in the Woods (Arione), 1948, oil on canvas, 50×40 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation 1987)
G. de Chirico, Naked Self-portrait, 1943, oil on canvas, 62×51 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome (Isabella Far donation 1987)
G. de Chirico, Head of a Man (after Titiano), 1945, oil on cardboard, 31×24 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Villa Medici, 1945, oil on canvas, 60×44,5 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Still life in the Landscape with Red Drape, 1948, oil on canvas, 40×50 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Paintings 1950-1968

G. de Chirico, Paris with his Horse, 1952, oil on canvas, 50×60 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, The Troubadour, 1954-1956, oil on canvas, 40×30 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait with Black Mantle, 1957, oil on cardboard, 50×40 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, 1965, Arrival of the Moving Van, 1965 circa, oil on canvas, 50×40 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Electra the Consoler, 1957, oil on canvas, 79.5×60 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Italian Piazza, 1956-1957, oil on canvas, 50,3×40, cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Friends, 1950 circa, oil on canvas, 40×30,5 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Metaphysical Interior with Factory, 1958-1959, oil on canvas, 60×50 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Horses fleeing on the Aegean Shore, 1950 oil on canvas, 60×80 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Orestes and Pylades, 1962 circa, oil on canvas, 80×60 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Archaeologists, 1961 circa, oil on canvas, 80×60 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Ancient Warriors at the Seashore, 1955, oil on canvas, 60×50 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Paintings 1968-1976 – la Neometafisica

G. de Chirico, The Bride’s Secret 1971, oil on canvas, 85×50 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Still Life with Bust of Minerva and Fruit, 1973, oil on canvas, 90×70 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Metaphysical Vision of New York, 1975, oil on canvas, 105×80 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Oedipus and the Sphinx, 1968, oil on canvas, 90×70 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Metaphysical Interior with Factory, 1969 (signed“1948”), oil on canvas, cm 64.5×53,5 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, The Secret of the Castle, late 1960s, oil on canvas, 50×40 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Head of Mysterious Animal, 1975, oil on canvas, 50×60 cm, Musée d’art moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris (Isabella Far Bequest 2011)
G. de Chirico, Sun on the Easel, 1968, oil on canvas, 50×60 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Offer to Jupiter, 1971, oil on canvas, 90×70 cm, Musée d’art moderne de le Ville de Paris, Paris (Isabella Far Bequest 2011)
G. de Chirico, Italian Piazza with Sun Turned Off, 1971, oll on canvas, 50×70 cm, Musée d’art moderne de la Ville de Paris, Paris (Isabella Far Bequest 2011)
G. de Chirico, The Friend’s Departure, 1970, 60×80 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, The Poet and the Painter, 1975, 100×81.5 cm, Collezione Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Works on paper

G. de Chirico, The Poet’s House, 1918, pencil and watercolour on paper, 31,7×22 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome
G. de Chirico, Self-portrait “g. de Chirico se ipsum delineavit anno aetatis suae XXXII”, 1920, pencil on paper, 35×24 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Mysterious Baths, 1934, pencil on paper, 28,3×22 cm, The Israel Museum, Jerusalem
G. de Chirico, Cover for Vogue Magazine, 15 November 1935, 32,4×24 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Metaphysical Consolation, 1918, pencil on paper, 32×21,7 cm, La Galleria Nazionale, Rome
G. de Chirico, Calligramme n.140, April Night, 1930 lithograph, 32,5×24 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, The Muses’ Secret, 1972, pencil, charcoal and watercolour on cardboard, 50×40 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Solitary Warrior, 1972, pencil, charcoal and watercolour on cardboard, 39,5×25 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Sculpture

G. de Chirico, Ancient Horses, 1969, bronze with patina, h. 36.5 b. 23×32 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Troubadour, 1968, bronze with silver patina, h. 29.5 b. 8.5×11 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Gli Archeologhi,1940, polychrome terracotta policroma, h. 28 b. 22×23 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, The Disquieting Muses, bronze with silver patina, h. 49 b. 26×38 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Hector e Andromache, 1973, bronze with silver patina, h. 95 b. 38.5×38.5 cm, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Theatre

Sketch for Amphion (theatre flat), 1942, watercolour on paper applied to cardboard, 16.4×25.2 cm, private collection
Sketch for Bacchides, Theatre of Athens, 1937 circa, watercolour, tempera and collage on paper, 22.7×30 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Pegasus, Scenery for the Theatre of Athens, 1937 circa, pencil, ink and watercolour on paper applied to cardboard, 24.2×32.4 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, Costume for Le Bal, 1929, pencil and watercolour on cardboard, 26.6×20.1 cm, private collection
G. de Chirico, La Madonna, 1975, pencil and watercolour on cardboard, 36.6×25.3 cm, costume for Natività, by Ottorino Respighi, Teatro Olimpico, Rome, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, San Giuseppe, 1975, pencil, watercolour and tempera on cardboard, 36.4×25 cm, costume for Natività, by Ottorino Respighi, Teatro Olimpico, Rome, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, Shepherd, 1975, pencil and watercolour on paper, 35×22.5 cm, costume for Natività, by Ottorino Respighi, Teatro Olimpico, Rome, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome
G. de Chirico, scenery for Nativity Shepherd, 1975, charcoal and watercolour on cardboard, 50.8×36.4 cm, opera by Ottorino Respighi, Teatro Olimpico, Rome, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome

Written Work

Giorgio de Chirico’s prolific literary activity traces the entire arc of his long life and is characterised by a wide variety of genres and styles, ranging from theoretical and critical essays to numerous philosophic studies, polemic articles and reviews, poetry and prose, autobiographies, novels, drama and, of course, correspondence, both personal and work-related. In addition to his first theorisation of Metaphysical Art, his written work focuses on modern art and classical art, as well as on the work of the Great Masters of the past and on contemporary artists. His collected writings also include various treatises on painting technique and on the concept of Theatre.

This section presents a list of Giorgio de Chirico’s collected writings and a selection of essays translated into English.

Collected Writings

Collected Writings: 1911-1920

Testi teorici e lirici (Manoscritti Eluard-Picasso)
(1911-1915) G. de Chirico, Il meccanismo del pensiero, edited by M. Fagiolo, Einaudi, Turin 1985, pp. 5-30; G. de Chirico, Scritti/1 (1911-1945). Romanzi e Scritti critici e teorici, edited by A. Cortellessa, publication director, A. Bonito Oliva, Bompiani, Milan 2008, pp. 575-648.
Testi teorici e lirici (Manoscritti della collezione Jean Paulhan)
(1911-1915) In Il meccanismo, pp. 31-40; Scritti/1, pp. 649-659.
Promontorio
(July 1917) In Il meccanismo, pp. 50-51; “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), Le Lettere, Florence, 2008, p. 485.
Zeusi l’esploratore
Version dated April 1918 published in “Valori Plastici”, a. I, n. 1. Rome, November 1918; in Il meccanismo, pp. 81-82; Scritti/1, pp. 319-320; English translation in “Metaphysical Art” n. 14/16 (2016), pp. 487-488. The original and significantly longer version remained unknown until 2018 and is published in Raffaelli Editore, Rimini 2018; English translation in “Metaphysical Art” n. 17/18 (2019).
L’arcangelo affaticato
(April 1918) In Il meccanismo, p. 52; “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), p. 486.
Arte metafisica e scienze occulte
(June 1918) “Ars Nova”, Roma, a. III, 3, gennaio 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 62-65; Scritti/1, pp. 670-674.
Guillaume Apollinaire
“Ars Nova”, Rome, a. III, 2, November 1918. In Il meccanismo, pp. 59-61.
L’Arte metafisica della mostra di Roma
“La Gazzetta Ferrarese”, 18 June 1918. In Il meccanismo, pp. 37-38; Scritti/1, pp. 660-662.
Noi metafisici
“Cronache di attualità”, Rome, 15 February 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 66-71; Scritti/1, pp. 269-276.
Giorgio de Chirico
Published unsigned in “La Vraie Italie”, anno 1, n. 2, Florence, March 1919, pp. 56-57. In “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), original in French pp. 520-521; Italian translation pp. 522-523; English translation pp. 524-525.
Sull’arte metafisica
“Valori Plastici”, Rome, a. I, n. 4-5, April-May 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 83-88; Scritti/1, pp. 286-291.
Estetica metafisica
“Valori Plastici” Ibidem. In Il meccanismo, pp. 87-88; Scritti/1, pp. 292-294.
La galleria d’arte moderna a Roma
(July 1919) in Poesie-poèmes II, edited by C. Siniscalco, Studio S/arte contemporanea, Roma 1983; Scritti/1, pp. 687-696.
Impressionismo
“Valori Plastici”, Rome, a. I, n. 6-10, June-October 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 89-92; Scritti/1, pp. 314-318.
Il ritorno al mestiere
“Valori Plastici”, Rome, a. I, n. 11-12, November-December 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 93-99; Scritti/1, pp. 277-285.
Autopresentazione
For the “Valori Plastici” monograph, Archivio Broglio, 1919. In Il meccanismo, pp. 74-76; Scritti/1, pp. 682-683.
Pro tempera oratio
(1920 ca) In “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), Le Lettere, Florence 2006, pp. 467-473; English translation pp. 475-480

Collected Writings: 1920-1930

Note d’arte
Twelve brief notes on exhibitions, “Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, nn. 1, 3, 4, 5, 8-9 e 11-12, 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 201-220; Scritti/1, pp. 723-749.
Auguste Renoir
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 1, February 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 147-152; Scritti/1, pp. 349-357.
Le scuole di pittura presso gli antichi
“Il Primato Artistico Italiano”, Milan, a. I, n. 2-3, February-March 1920, pp. 127-131. Published with the title Mestiere e tradizione in Il meccanismo, pp. 127-131; Scritti/1, pp. 383-389.
Paul Gauguin
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 2, March 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 153-158; Scritti/1, pp. 375-382.
Raffaello Sanzio
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 3, April 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 159-165; Scritti/1, pp. 358-367.
Arnoldo Böcklin
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 4, May 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 166-171; Scritti/1, pp. 704-711.
Il senso architettonico nella pittura antica
“Valori Plastici”, Rome, a. III, n. 5-6, May-June 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 100-103; Scritti/1, pp. 303-307.
La mostra personale di Ardegno Soffici a Firenze
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I. n. 6. July 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 172-176; Scritti/1, pp. 712-717.
Classicismo pittorico
“La Ronda”, Rome, n. 7, July 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 225-229; Scritti/1, pp. 308-313.
Considerazioni sulla pittura moderna
Part I, “Il Primato Artistico Italiano”, Milan, a. II, n. 5, July 1920. Part II. I neoclassici milanesi. “Il Primato Artistico Italiano”, Milan, a. II, n. 7, 15 September-15 October 1920. Part III. Hans Thoma e Adolfo Menzel. “Il Primato Artistico Italiano”, a. III, n.4-5, 15 April-15 June 1921. In Il meccanismo, pp. 132-146; Scritti/1, pp. 755-773.
Gaetano Previati
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 7, August 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 177-181; Scritti/1, pp. 368-374.
Carlo Carrà. Pittura metafisica
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 7, August 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 192-195; Scritti/1, pp. 718-722.
Max Klinger
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. I, n. 10, November 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 182-191; Scritti/1, pp. 321-333.
La mostra di Ottone Rosai
“La Toscana della Sera”, Livorno, 14 December 1920. In Il meccanismo, pp. 230-233; Scritti/1, pp. 750-754.
Riflessioni sulla pittura antica
“Il Convegno”, Milan-Rome, a. II, n. 4-5, April-May 1921. In Il meccanismo, pp. 196-200; Scritti/1, pp. 342-348.
La mania del Seicento
“Valori Plastici”, Rome, a. III, n. 3, 1921. In Il meccanismo, pp. 104-108; Scritti/1, pp.334-339.
Mostra personale del pittore Giorgio de Chirico (Catalogue introduction)
Galleria Arte, Milan, 29 January-12 February 1921. In Il meccanismo, pp. 223-224; Scritti/1, pp. 774-776.
Ecrit pour l’architecture pour «Esprit nouveau»
(1921) In “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), original in French pp. 481-482; Italian translation pp. 483-484.
Une lettre
“Littérature”, Paris, n. 5, March 1922. In Il meccanismo, pp. 234-235; Scritti/1, pp. 781- 783.
Giorgio Morandi
Exhibition catalogue “Valori Plastici”, La Fiorentina Primaverile, Florence, 8 April-31 July 1922. In Il meccanismo, pp. 236-237; Scritti/1, pp. 784-785.
Il Monomaco parla
Florence, April 1922, per “Valori Plastici”, unpublished, previously Broglio Collection. In Il meccanismo, pp. 119-124; Scritti/1, pp. 786-793.
Pro technica oratio
“La Bilancia”, Rome, a. I, n. 1, March 1923 – a. I, n. 2, April 1923. In Il meccanismo, pp. 238-244; Scritti/1, pp. 796-805.
Rêve
“La Révolution Surréaliste”, Paris, a. I, n. 1, 1 December 1924. In Il meccanismo, pp. 259-260; “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), original in French pp. 488-489.
Gustave Courbet
“Rivista di Firenze”, Florence, a. I, n. 7, November 1924. In Il meccanismo, pp. 247-255; Scritti/1 pp. 295-303.
Vale Lutetia
“Rivista di Firenze”, Florence, a. I, n. 8, February 1925. In Il meccanismo, pp. 267-271; Scritti/1, pp. 806-812; “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), original in French pp. 494-497.
Armando Spadini
“Rivista di Firenze”, Florence, a. II, n. 1, May 1925. In Il meccanismo, p. 272.
Autobiographie
(1926 ca) in “Metafisica” n. 5/6, (2006), original in French, pp. 504-505; Italian translation p. 507; English translation p. 508.
Préface (F. de Pisis)
Galleria Au Sacre du Printemps, Paris, 23 April-7 May 1926. In Il meccanismo, p. 273; Scritti/1 pp. 817-818.
Salve Lutetia
“Bulletin de l’Effort Moderne”, Paris, n. 33, March 1927. In Il meccanismo, pp. 274-276; Scritti/1, pp. 819-822; “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), original in French pp. 497-499.
Statues meubles et généraux
“Bulletin de l’Effort Moderne” n. 38, ottobre, Paris 1927. In Il meccanismo, pp. 277-280; Scritti/1, pp. 823-827.
Intervista con Pierre de Lagarde
“Comoedia”, Paris, 12 dicembre 1927. In Il meccanismo, pp. 281-283.
Le fils de l’ingénieur. Le survivant de Navarin. Epode
In W. George, Giorgio de Chirico avec des fragments littéraires de l’artiste, Editions Chroniques du Jour, Paris 1928, pp. XXVII-XL.
Piccolo trattato di tecnica pittorica
Scheiwiller, Milan 1928, 1945, 1983, 2001; 2013; traduzione in francese Somogy Editions d’Art, Paris, 2001.
Biographie
(datable after 1928) in “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), original in French, pp. 511-513;Italian translation p. 514; English translation p. 515.
Hebdomeros. Le peintre et son génie chez l’écrivain
Ed. du Carrefour, Paris 1929.
La vie di Giorgio de Chirico
In Sélection. Chronique de la vie artistique, VIII, signed “Angelo Bardi”, Éditions Sélection, Antwerp, 1929, pp. 20-26. In “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), original in French, pp. 485-489; Italian translation pp. 491-494; English translation pp. 496-499.

Collected Writings: 1930-1940

Bambole personaggi
Maria Signorelli ‘Fantocci’, exhibition catalogue, Galleria Zak, 9-22 May 1930. In Il meccanismo, pp. 315; Scritti/1, pp. 838-839.
Auguste Renoir
“Gazzetta del Popolo”, Turin, 4 March 1933.
Achille Lega
(1922 ca) published on occasion of the retrospective exhibition in 1934 following the artist’s death. In Scritti/1, pp. 794-796.
Sur le silence
“Minautaure”, Paris, n. 5, February 1934, pp. 31-32; In Il Meccanismo, pp. 261-266. In “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), pp. 489-493.
Quelques perspectives sur mon art
“L’Europe centrale”, Prague, April 1934. In Il meccanismo, pp. 318-322; Scritti/1, pp. 841-847.
Presentazione mostra personale
Catalogue II Quadriennale, Rome 1935. In Il meccanismo, p. 317; Scritti/1, p. 840.
Leonor Fini
Presentation in English for Leonor Fini‘s exhibition, New York, Julien Levy Gallery, 18 November-9 December, 1936. In Il meccanismo 1985, p. 335; Scritti/1, pp. 848-849.
Il signor Dusdron
(early 1930s) in “Metafisica” n. 1/2 (2002), Tèchne Editore, Milan, Pictor O, Rome, pp. 249-261.
Naissance du mannequin
(1938) in “Metafisica” n. 1/2 (2002), original in French pp. 277-278; Italian translation pp. 279-280; English translation pp. 282-283.
Barnes collezionista mistico
“L’Ambrosiano”, Milan, 16 February 1938. In Il meccanismo, pp. 336-337; Scritti/1, pp. 850-852.
Risposta al Referendum
“L’Ambrosiano”, Milan, 23 February 1938. In Il meccanismo, pp. 338-339. In “Metafisica” n. 3/4 (2004), pp. 473-474; English translation pp. 475-476.
Vox clamans in deserto
Part I, “L’Ambrosiano”, Milan, 16 March 1938; Part II, 23 March 1938; Part III, 30 March 1938, pp. 340-345. In Il meccanismo, pp. 340-345. In Scritti/1 with the title L’eterna questione, pp. 390-397.
J’ai été à New York
«XXe Siècle», Paris, March 1938, p. 24. In Il meccanismo, pp. 346-348. In “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), original in French, pp. 679-680; Italian translation pp. 681-682; English translation pp. 683-684.
Dipingere
Catalogue Galleria Rotta, Genoa, 12-22 May 1938. In Il meccanismo, p. 357; Scritti/1 pp. 856-857.
Monsieur Dudron, 1938, Collection “Un Divertissement”, n. 5, ed. Henri Parisot, Paris.
Metafisica dell’America
“Omnibus”, Milano, 8 October 1938. In Il meccanismo, pp. 349-356; Scritti/1 pp. 858-868.
Paola Levi-Montalcini
(1939) in “Metafisica” n. 3/4 (2004), pp. 461-466; English translation pp. 467- 472.

Collected Writings: 1940-1950

Achille Funi
Introduction, Achille Funi, Milan, Hoepli, 1940. In Il meccanismo, pp. 369-373; Scritti/1 pp. 883-889.
Alberto Savinio
Exhibition catalogue, Galleria del Milione, Milan, April-May 1940. In Il meccanismo, pp. 366-368; Scritti/1, pp. 879-882.
Una gita a Lecco
“Aria d’Italia”, Milan, spring 1940, pp. 73-80.
Il Signor Dudron
(extract from the later novel) «Prospettive», Rome, n. 5, 15 May 1940, pp. 7-11.
Brevis pro plastica oratio
“Aria d’Italia”, Milan, winter 1940. In Il meccanismo, pp. 381-382; Scritti/1 pp. 890-892.
Perché ho illustrato l’Apocalisse
“Stile”, Milan, n. 1, January 1941. In Il meccanismo, pp. 379-380; Scritti/1 pp. 893-895.
Sciltian
“Stile”, Milano, April 1941. In Il meccanismo, pp. 374-373; Scritti/1 pp. 896-898.
Romano Gazzera
“Stile”, Milan, November 1941. In Il meccanismo, pp. 376-378; Scritti/1 pp. 899-902.
Vincenzo Gemito
“Corriere Padano”, 9 December 1941. In Il meccanismo, pp. 383-385; Scritti/1 pp. 405-408.
Pensieri sull’arte
“Corriere Padano”, Ferrara, 25 January 1942.
Considerazioni sulla pittura moderna
“Stile”, Milan, January 1942, pp. 1-6. In Il meccanismo 1985, pp. 391-407; Scritti/1 pp. 433-455.
Discorso sulla materia pittorica
“Corriere Padano”, Ferrara, 5 April 1942. In Scritti/1 pp. 456-467; in “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), pp. 534-540; English translation “Metaphysical Art” n. 14/16 (2016), pp. 541-547.
Le nature morte
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 24 May 1942, p. 500. In Scritti/1 pp. 467-480.
Paesaggi
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 5 July 1942. In Scritti/1 pp. 481-486.
Miscellanea di alcune verità
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 19 July 1942. In Scritti/1 pp. 398-404.
Gedanken des Herrn Dudron
(passages from the novel), “Italien”, n. 7, 1942-43, pp. 204-206, Hamburg, September 1942.
Discorso sul nudo in pittura
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 11 October 1942. In Scritti/1 pp. 487-493.
Discorso sullo spettacolo teatrale
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 25 October 1942. In Scritti/1 pp. 506-517.
Alberto Savinio
“Beltempo”, Rome, 1942, pp. 72-75.
Due prose
“Beltempo”, Rome, 1942, pp. 202-204.
Ebdòmero
Bompiani, Milan 1942; English translation The Four Seasons Book Society, New York 1966; Spanish translation, Ediciones del Cotal, Madrid 1976; ed. SE, Milan 1999; ed. Abscondita, edited by J. de Sanna, Milan 2003; in Scritti/1, pp. 45-157.
Casella
“Rassegna musicale” 1943. In Il meccanismo, pp. 386-388; Scritti/1 pp. 914-917.
La forma nell’arte e nella natura
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 21 March 1943, p. 274. In Scritti/1 pp. 494-499.
Ritratti
“L’Illustrazione Italiana”, Milan, 10 May 1943, p. 500. In Scritti/1 pp. 468-475.
Discorso sul cinematografo
“Cinema”, Rome, 25 May 1943. Il meccanismo, pp. 413-421; Scritti/1 pp. 903-917.
Discorso sul meccanismo del pensiero
“Documento”, Rome, May 1943. In Il meccanismo, pp. 408-412; Scritti/1 pp. 534-539.
Il tormento nell’arte
“L’Illustrazione italiana”, 4 July, 1943.
La sensibilità
Published in English translation, Sensitiveness in «Horizon», London, vol. X n. 55, July 1944, pp. 65-68; Scritti/1 pp. 518-520.
Commedia dell’arte moderna
G. de Chirico-Isabella Far, Traguardi, Nuove edizioni italiane, Rome 1945; ed. Abscondita, edited by J. de Sanna, Milan 2002; Scritti/1 pp. 265-571.
Osservazioni su una mostra d’arte tedesca
Ibidem, pp. 125-130; Scritti/1 pp. 409-415.
Un ritratto di Tintoretto
Ibidem, pp. 131-134; Scritti/1 pp. 416-420.
Presentazione
Ibidem, pp. 143-144; Scritti/1 pp. 431-432.
Discorso sulla serietà
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 199-203; pp. 500-505.
La sincerità
Ibidem, signed I. Far, p. 215; Scritti/1 p. 521.
L’arte Sacra
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 216-219; Scritti/1 pp. 522-527.
Maschere e travestimenti
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 229-231; Scritti/1 pp. 540-543.
Metafisica della danza
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 232-237; Scritti/1 pp. 544-550.
La realtà profanata
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 238-242; Scritti/1 pp. 551-556.
Discorso sulla mentalità
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 243-249; Scritti/1 pp. 557-565.
I critici o dell’invidia
Ibidem, signed I. Far, pp. 250-254; Scritti/1 pp. 566-571.
Memorie della mia vita
Astrolabio, Rome 1945 (II ed. Rizzoli, Milan 1962; ed. Tascabili Bompiani, Milan 2008; French translation, La Ronde, Paris 1965; English translation, Peter Owen, London 1971; Japanese translation Rippu Shobo, Tokyo 1980; Spanish translation Editorial Sintesis, Madrid 2004; Serbian translation, ed. Oko umetnosti, Belgrade, 2009; Russian translation Garage Company Art Museum, Moscow 2017.
1918-1925. Ricordi di Roma
Editrice Cultura Moderna, Rome 1945; La Cometa, Rome 1988.
Une aventure de M. Dudron
“L’Age d’Or”, Fontaine, Paris 1945. In I pittori che scrivono, Milan 1954, pp. 89-96.
Giorgio de Chirico pendant la guerre
(late 1940s) in «Metafisica» n. 3/4 (2004), original in French pp. 429-434; Italian translation pp. 435-437; English translation pp. 438-440.
Il teatro
In “Numero unico” per il XII Maggio musicale fiorentino, Teatro Comunale di Firenze, Florence 1949.
Note dal libro sui disegni
(1940s) in Giorgio de Chirico. Disegno, edited by J. de Sanna, Electa, Milan 2004, p. 9.
Il cervello e la mano (sul disegno)
(1940s) in «Metafisica» n. 5/6 (2006), pp. 530-531; English translation pp. 532-533.

Collected Writings: 1950-1978

L’arte moderna e la Chiesa
(1952) in La passione secondo de Chirico, exhibition catalogue edited by A. Bonito Oliva, De Luca Editore d’Arte, Rome 2004.
Biography for the Biennial Catalogue
(1956), in “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), pp.516-517; English translation pp. 518-519.
Come e perché è nata la pittura modernista. Dittatura dei modernisti
Conference held in Turin at Palazzo Carignano on 23 April 1958.
Il Signor Dudron
(posthumous novel) Le Lettere, Florence 1998; French translation, Ed. La Différence, Paris 2004; German translation, Ed. Verlag Gachnang & Springer AG, Bern 2000.
Il Signor Dudron
(from a novel in preparation with the same title), 1960s, published posthumously in Giorgio de Chirico dalla Metafisica alla “Metafisica”, edited by V. Sgarbi, Marsilio Editori, Venice 2000. In “Metafisica” n. 5/6 (2006), pp. 561-563; English translation pp. 564-566.
I Bagni Misteriosi
Contatto Arte-Città, exhibition catalogue, Triennale di Milano, Milan 1973.
Institut de France. Académie des Beaux Arts. Discours de M. Giorgio de Chirico lu à l’occasion de son installation comme associé étranger
(1974) in “Metafisica” n. 7/8 (2008), original in French pp. 685-686; Italian translation p. 687; English translation p. 688.

Researches, studies and documentation

Autobiographies

Giorgio de Chirico, March 1919, unsigned
Original French text
Autobiography, ca 1926
Manuscript and transcription of original French text
Biography (datable after February 1928) unsigned
Manuscript and transcription of original French text
The Life of Giorgio de Chirico, 1929, signed “Angelo Bardi”
Original French text
Questionnaire (datable second half 1920s)
Giorgio de Chirico during the War (second half 1940s), signed “Luigi Bellini”
Manuscript and transcription of the original French text
Biography for the Biennial Catalogue, c. 1956, signed “Isabella Far”

Correspondence

Poetry

Giorgio de Chirico’s Collected Poems were published in the original language (French and Italian) in the Foundation’s periodical “Metafisica” n.7/8 (2008). The French poems were later translated to Italian by Valerio Magrelli in “Metafisica” n.9/10 (2011).

The Collected Poems were published in English translation by Willard Bohn (from French) and by Stefania Heim (from Italian) in “Metaphysical Art” n. 14/16 (2016).

For indications regarding the organisation, provenance and date of the poems please see the Introductory Note. For information regarding publication, please consult the Bibliographic Note.

Hopes
A Life (Poem)
“Run, Run Faster and Faster in Life…”
One Night
“Friends, All of You with Burning Hearts…”
August 1911
“In a Boat Black as a Coffin between two Ghastly Bridges…”
“Who showed Me the large Black Window…”
Melancholy
The Song of the Railroad Station
The Mysterious Death
A Celebration
The Man with the Sorrowful Look
The Statue’s Wish
“Beneath the Room where He is Sleeping…”
Proteus
Mysterious Night
Song
Fragment
Journey
Mr. Govoni Sleeps
Epode
Resort
Anxious Hour
Promontory
The Weary Archangel
Zeuxis the Explorer
Vale Lutetia
Dream
On Silence
Salve Lutetia
“In the Most Silent Valley…”
Afternoon Awakening
Ancient Shores
Poem
“Day Following the Very Cool Night…”
“Sheltered from Dream You…”
The Clock of a Sudden
Enigmas
“I Know your Helmet Lies Heavy on your Forehead Turned…”
“…You and Repose here Die the Waves…”
Building
“Guards Forming a Ring…”
Poem
Fragment
Nocturne
Nocturne
Twilight
“We Will Never See Each Other Again on Earth…”
“The World is Deserted, Fleeting Virtues…”
“Her Singular Glance and for Me Shadow and Light…”
“Ardent Dove who takes Wing Alone at Night…”
Prayer
Provincial Pastoral
I see Chaloui Island
Voyage in the Night
Revelation and Prophecy
(Commercial) Contract
“Tired of Inspiration Your Soul Continues…”
“In the Joy of my Ancestors…”
“When Avalanches descend Afar…”
Raid
Memory
Nocturne
Mr. Mornasco’s Dream
Phileas Fogg
Sombre Forest of my Life
Antibes
Nuptial Confession
The European South
To Italy
Weariness
Odysseus
Cornelia
Childhood Memory
On my Uncle’s Death
Maria Lani
Ancient Battle
Dawn
Nimrod
It’s Sunday
Homage
Sadness
Painting
Morning Prayer by the True Painter
“If You let Me Live Quietly…”
“So as not to Think about so Much Amorality…”

Drama

Le Ballet – Commedie en quatres actes was written in French in 1965 based on earlier version from mid-1940s. The play is a satire on the Modernists, a recurring theme in de Chirico’s work. The theatre piece remained unpublished regardless of the fact the artist originally intended to have it enacted in Rome’s Teatro degli Alleati in 1945-1946.

The script was published in the Foundation’s periodical “Metafisica” (n. 3/4, 2004) and can be consulted in this section in the original French. As Jole de Sanna points out in the Introductory Note, the author was inspired by the Ballet Russes with particular focus on the relationships that develop between actors, musicians and choreographers during the production of a ballet.

Interviews

Answers to the Referendum in “L’Ambrosiano”, Milano, 23 February 1938 (475-476 Metafisica 3/4 Referendum ENG)
“L’Europeo” asks de Chirico for the Whole Truth, Interview granted to “L’Europeo” magazine on occasion of the Retrospective held at Palazzo Reale, published 30 April 1970. The encounter took place at Hotel Continental in Milan with the participation of Libero Montesi and Gian Franco Venè.
Interview with de Chirico – Archives du XX Siècle, by Jean José Marchand, filmed in Rome, during March and October 1971.

Bibliography

List of the principal publications on Giorgio de Chirico’s art comprising of monographs and recent exhibition catalogues* (with no claim of completeness)

Fabio Benzi, Giorgio de Chirico. La vita e l’opera, La nave di Teseo, Milan 2019

Giorgio de Chirico. Ritorno al futuro, exhibition catalogue edited by Lorenzo Canova and Riccardo Passoni, Gangemi Editore, Rome 2019

Giorgio de Chirico. Il volto della Metafisica, exhibition catalogue edited by Victoria Noel-Johnson, Skira, Milan 2019

Giorgio de Chirico – The Changing Face of Metaphysical Art, exhibition catalogue edited by Victoria Noel-Johnson, Skira, Milan 2019

Riccardo Dottori, Giorgio de Chirico. Immagini metafisiche, La nave di Teseo, Milan 2018

Giorgio de Chirico, Lettere 1909-1929, edited by Elena Pontiggia, Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo 2018

Valentina Malerba, Giorgio de Chirico, Zeusi l’esploratore (1918) e la corrispondenza con Giuseppe Raimondi, Raffaelli Editore, Rimini 2018

Victoria Noel-Johnson, De Chirico and the United Kingdom (c. 1916-1978), Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM) 2017

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo generale – opere dal 1912 al 1976, Presentation by Paolo Picozza, Introduction by Claudio Strinati, vol. 1/2014, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo generale – opere dal 1910 al 1975, vol. 2/2015, Presentation by Paolo Picozza, Introduction by Fabio Benzi, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo generale – opere dal 1913 al 1976, vol. 3/2016, Presentation by Paolo Picozza, Introduction by Maurizio Calvesi, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo generale – opere dal 1913 al 1975, vol. 4/2018, Presentation by Paolo Picozza, Introduction by Lorenzo Canova, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)

“Metafisica. Quaderni della Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico”, current issue n. 17/18, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM) 2018. The journal’s articles can be downloaded free of charge in pdf format from this website.

“Metaphysical Art – The de Chirico Journals”, current issue n. 17/18, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM) 2019. The journal’s articles can be downloaded free of charge in pdf format from this website.

Giorgio de Chirico e la Neometafisica, exhibition catalogue edited by Vittorio Sgarbi in collaboration with Maria Letizia Rocco, Maggioli Musei, Osimo 2018

El mundo de Giorgio de Chirico – Sueño o realidad, exhibition catalogue edited by Mariastella Margozzi and Katherine Robinson, Viena Ediciones, Ediciones Invisibles, Barcelona 2017

Giorgio de Chirico. Metaphysical Visions, exhibition catalogue edited by G. Mercurio in collaboration with Tat’jana

Goryacheva and Victoria Noel-Johnson, catalogue Istituto Italiano di Cultura, Moscow 2017

Giorgio de Chirico. Rays of Light in Italian Modern Art, exhibition catalogue edited by Giovanna Rasario, Valerio Dehò, Zhang Xi and Sergio Fintoni, Shanghai 2017

Giorgio de Chirico. The Enigma of the World, exhibition catalogue edited by Fabio Benzi, Suna and Inan Kiraç Foundation, Istanbul 2016

Giorgio de Chirico. Return to the Castle, exhibition catalogue edited by Mariastella Margozzi and Katherine Robinson, Artes, Conversano 2016

De Chirico. La Ricostruzione, exhibition catalogue edited by Claudio Strinati, Metamorfosi Art Gallery, Spoleto, 2016

Eugenio Bolognesi, Alceste: una storia d’amore ferrarese, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM) 2015

Eugenio Bolognesi, Alcestis: A Ferrara Love Story, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM) 2016

Giorgio de Chirico. Gioco e Gioia della Neometafisica, exhibition catalogue edited by Lorenzo Canova, Regia Edizioni, Campobasso 2014

Salvatore Vacanti, Piccolo trattato di tecnica pittorica di Giorgio de Chirico, Teoria e prassi del “ritorno al mestiere” (1919-1928), Nardini Editore, Florence 2014

Giorgio de Chirico e l’oggetto misterioso, exhibition catalogue edited by Victoria Noel-Johnson in collaboration with Simona Bartolena, Silvana Editoriale, Milan 2014

D’après Giorgio, exhibition catalogue edited by Luca Lo Pinto, BoaBooks, Ginevra 2013

Giorgio de Chirico – Portraiture: Figure and Form, exhibition catalogue edited by Katherine Robinson, Maretti Editore (RSM) 2013

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo ragionato dell’opera sacra, edited by Giovanni Gazzaneo and Elena Pontiggia, Silvana Editoriale, Milan 2012

Giorgio de Chirico. L’Apocalisse e la luce, exhibition catalogue edited by Giovanni Gazzaneo and Elena Pontiggia, Silvana Editoriale, Milan 2012

De Chirico. Il sentimento dell’architettura. Opere della Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, edited by Maddalena D’Alfonso, Brasile 2012

Nikolaos Velissiotis, La nascita della “Metafisica” nell’arte di Giorgio de Chirico, Centro Ellenico di Cultura, Milan 2011

La Natura secondo de Chirico, exhibition catalogue edited by Achille Bonito Oliva, Sole24Ore, Milan 2010

Lorenzo Canova, Nelle Ombre Lucenti di de Chirico, DEd’A, Rome 2010

Domenico Guzzi, Giorgio de Chirico, Dall’immaginario invisibile all’immaginato visibile entrando e uscendo dai tempi, dalla storia e da sé stesso, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Rome 2010

Giorgio de Chirico: la Casa Museo, edited by Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Florence 2009

La magia della linea: 110 disegni di de Chirico dalla Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, exhibition catalogue edited by Elena Pontiggia, Skira, Milan 2009

Giorgio de Chirico. La Fabrique des rêves, exhibition catalogue edited by Jacqueline Munck, ed PARIS Museés, Paris 2009

Claudio Crescentini, Giorgio de Chirico. L’enigma velato, Edizioni Erreciemme, Rome 2009

Giovanni Lista, Giorgio de Chirico – suivi de L’Art métaphysique, Bibliothèque Hazan, Paris 2009

El siglo de Giorgio de Chirico: Metafisica y arquitectura, exhibition catalogue edited by Vincenzo Trione, Skira, Milan 2008

Giorgio de Chirico. La “Metafisica continua”, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Calvesi, Silvana Editoriale, Milan 2008

Giorgio de Chirico, Scritti/1. Romenzi e scritti critici e teorici 1911-1945, edited by Andre Cortellessa, Bompiani, publication directed by Achille Bonito Oliva, Milan 2008

Giorgio de Chirico. Disegno, edited by Jole de Sanna, Mondadori Electa, Milan 2004

“Nulla sine tragoedia gloria”. L’opera di Giorgio de Chirico attraverso la storiografia contemporanea, aedited by Claudio Crescentini, Conference proceedings 15-16 October 1999, Artout-Maschietto Editore, Florence 2002

Wieland Schmied, The Endless Journey, Prestel Verlag, New York 2002

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo dell’opera grafica, edited by Antonio Vastano (1921-1969), Eduardo Brandani (1969-1977), Edizioni Bora, Bologna 1999

Giorgio de Chirico. La Metafisica del Mediterraneo, exhibition catalogue edited by Jole de Sanna, Rizzoli, Milan 1998

De Chirico and the Mediterranean, exhibition catalogue edited by Jole de Sanna, Rizzoli, Milan 1998

De Chirico. Gli Anni Trenta, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Fagiolo dell’Arco, Mazzotta Editore, Milan 1998

Maurizio Fagiolo dell’Arco, Giorgio de Chirico. Metafisica dei Bagni misteriosi, Skira, Milan 1998

La nuova Metafisica, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Calvesi, Edizioni De Luca, Rome 1995

De Chirico. Gli Anni Trenta, exhibition catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Skira, Milano 1995

De Chirico nel centenario della nascita, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Calvesi, Arnoldo Mondadori Editore, Milan – De Luca Edizioni d’Arte, Rome 1988

De Chirico and America, exhibition catalogue edited by Emily Braun, Umberto Allemandi & CO., Turin 1996

Giorgio de Chirico. L’art métaphysique. Textes réunis, edited by Giovanni Lista, L’Échoppe, Paris 1994

De Chirico. Gli Anni Venti, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Fagiolo dell’Arco, Mazzotta Editore, Milan 1986

L’opera completa di de Chirico, 1908-1924, edited by Maurizio Fagiolo dell’Arco, Classici Rizzoli, Milan 1985

Maurizio Calvesi, La metafisica schiarita: Da de Chirico a Carrà, da Morandi a Savinio, Feltrinelli, Milan 1982

Giorgio de Chirico, exhibition catalogue edited by William Rubin, The Museum of Modern Art, New York 1982

Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978, exhibition catalogue edited by Pia Vivarelli, Rome, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna, De Luca Editore, Rome 1981

La Metafisica – Museo documentario, exhibition catalogue edited by Maurizio Calvesi, Ester Coen, Giovanna Dalla Chiesa, Ferrara, Palazzo Massari 1981

Costanzo Costantini, Il pittore glorioso, Giorgio de Chirico e i suoi 90 anni, Sugarco Edizioni, Milan 1978

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo generale, aedited by Claudio Bruni Sakraischik, otto volumi, Electa Milan 1971-1987

Giorgio de Chirico, edited by James Thrall Soby, ed. The Museum of Modern Art, New York 1955

The Early Chirico, edited by James Thrall Soby, ed. The Museum of Modern Art, New York 1941

* Please note that the presence on this list in no way implies an automatic endorsement of authenticity, on behalf of Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, regarding the attribution to Giorgio de Chirico of works on show in the exhibitions listed, reproduced in the relative catalogues or included as illustrations within an author’s essay published therein.

Catalogues of Works

Giorgio de Chirico – Catalogue of Works (1912-1976), vol. 1/2014, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)
Giorgio de Chirico – Catalogue of Works (1910-1975), vol. 2/2015, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)
Giorgio de Chirico – Catalogue of Works (1913-1976), vol. 3/2016, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)
Giorgio de Chirico – Catalogue of Works (1913-1975), vol. 4/2018, Maretti Editore, Falciano (RSM)

Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo ragionato dell’opera sacra, edited by Elena Pontiggia and Giovanni Gazzaneo, Silvana Editoriale, Cinisello Balsamo 2012

Catalogo Generale – Giorgio de Chirico, edited by Claudio Bruni Sakraischik, 8 tomes of 3 volumes each, tomes I-VI, 1971-1976; tome VII, 1983; tome VIII, 1987, Electa, Milan.

L’opera completa di de Chirico: 1908-1924, edited by Maurizio Fagiolo dell’Arco, Rizzoli, Milan 1984; second edition 1999.

De Chirico. Catalogo delle opere grafiche (incisioni e litografie) 1921-1969, edited by Alfonso Ciranna, Ciranna, Milan 1969.
Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo dell’opera grafica I, 1921-1969, edited by Antonio Vastano, Bora, Bologna 1996.
Giorgio de Chirico. Catalogo dell’opera grafica II, 1969-1977, edited by Edoardo Brandani, Bora, Bologna 1999.

Giorgio de Chirico. Giorgio de Chirico. Disegno. Opere della Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico,edited by Jole de Sanna, Mondadori Electa, Milan 2004.

De Chirico Scultore, edited by Giovanna Dalla Chiesa, Milano, Giorgio Mondadori & Associati, Milan 1988.

Exhibitions from 1970

List of the principal exhibition of Giorgio de Chirico’s art from 1970 to 2009.* For more recent exhibitions see Exhibition Archive

1970
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by R. Negri, F. Russoli, W. Schmied, Milan, Palazzo Reale.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by W. Schmied, Hannover, KestnerGesellschaft in der Orangerie Herrenhausen.
I de Chirico di de Chirico, catalogue edited by W. Schmied, Ferrara, Galleria Civica d’Arte Moderna, Palazzo dei Diamanti.
Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by P. Skinas, Milan, Galleria Alexandre Jolas.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Jolas, Paris, Galleria Petit.

1971
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by C. B. Sakraischik, Rome, Galleria La Medusa.
Giorgio de Chirico, Verona, Galleria dello Scudo.
Giorgio de Chirico, Milan, Galleria Alexandre Jolas.
I grandi maestri italiani. Giorgio de Chirico, Milan, Galleria Seno.
Giorgio de Chirico sculture 1968-1971, catalogue edited by A. Schubert, Milan, Alberto Schubert Arte Moderna.
Giorgio de Chirico. L’immagine dell’infinito, catalogue edited by R. Carrieri, L. Cavallo, Milan, Galleria Medea.

1972
De Chirico by de Chirico, catalogue edited by D.H. Karshan, New York, The New York Cultural Center; Toronto, Art Gallery of Ontario.
Giorgio de Chirico disegni 1919-1923, Rome, Galleria Odyssia.
Giorgio de Chirico, Florence, Galleria d’Arte Moderna Sangallo.
Giorgio de Chirico. L’immagine dell’infinito, catalogue edited by R. Carrieri, L. Cavallo, F. Russoli, Cortina d’Ampezzo, Galleria d’arte Medea; Montecatini Terme, Internazionale – Galleria d’Arte Moderna; Rome, Dimensione – Centro d’Arte.
Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by V. Guzzi, Reggio Calabria, Museo Nazionale.

1973
Giorgio de Chirico, Genoa, Galleria Rotta.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Porcella, Rome, Galleria Ca’ d’Oro.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Ballis, Venezia, Galleria S. Stefano.
De Chirico presenta de Chirico, Kamakura, Museo Comunale d’Arte Moderna della Provincia di Kanagawa; Tokyo, Museo Cantonale d’Arte (1974); Kyoto, Museo Nazionale d’Arte Moderna; Nagoya, Museo d’Arte della Provincia di Aiki.
Scene e costumi, Turin, Palazzo Madama.

1974
De Chirico 56, Palermo, Galleria La Tavolozza.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by G. Marchiori, Venezia, Galleria S. Stefano.
De Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Porcella, Rome, Galleria Ca’ d’Oro.
G. de Chirico, catalogue edited by W. Schmied, Paris, Musée Marmottan; Neuchâtel, Paul Att inger SA.
Hommage à Giorgio de Chirico, Paris, Galerie Françoise Petit.

1975
De Chirico, Verona, Galleria dello Scudo.
Giorgio de Chirico grafiek, S’Hertogenbosch, Noordbrabants Museum.
Giorgio de Chirico, Lugano, Galleria Blumen.

1976
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by C. Bruni Sakraischik, Rome, Galleria La Medusa.
Exposition Giorgio de Chirico: peintures, sculptures, aquarelles, edited by F. Labisse, Brussels , Galerie Isy Brachot.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by F. Labisse. London, Wildenstein Gallery, New York, Wildenstein Gallery.

1977
Omaggio a de Chirico, catalogue edited by E. Turelli, Montecatini Terme, Accademia d’Arte Dino Scalabrino.

1978
Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by E. Natali, Cortina d’Ampezzo, Galleria d’Arte Moderna F. Falsetti.

1979
Pictor optimus pinxit. Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978, edited by G. Ruggeri, Bologna, Galleria Marescalchi.
La Pittura Metafisica, catalogue edited by G. Briganti, E. Coen, Venezia, Palazzo Grassi.
Giorgio de Chirico 1921-1970, Rome, Galleria Marino.
30 anni di storia della Galleria, Venezia, Galleria S. Stefano.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by G. Landon, Paris, Artcurial.

1980
L’atelier intime de Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Parinand, Cagnes sur Mer, Château-musée de Cagnes.

1981
Giorgio de Chirico, Le Havre, Musée des Beaux Arts André Malraux.
Omaggio a de Chirico, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, E. Turelli, Locarno, Palazzo Sopracenerina.
Omaggio a de Chirico, catalogue edited by E. Turelli, Pistoia, Galleria D’Arte Turelli.
La Metafisica. Museo Documentario, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, G. Dalla Chiesa, E. Coen, Ferrara, Galleria Civica d’Arte Moderna Palazzo Massari.
Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978, catalogue edited by P. Vivarelli, G. de Marchis, Rome, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by P. Pacini, Cortina d’Ampezzo, Galleria d’Arte Moderna Farsetti; Prato, Galleria d’Arte Moderna Farsetti.
Giorgio de Chirico, otto figurini per « La morte di Niobe » di Alberto Savinio (1924), catalogue edited by F. Gualdoni, Milan, Galleria Interarte.
G. de Chirico grafica e sculture, Aosta, Tour-Fromage.

1982
Warhol verso de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Bonito Oliva, Rome, Campidoglio.
De Chirico, catalogue edited by W. Rubin, New York, The Museum of Modern Art; London, The Tate Gallery.
De Chirico (Olii e Sculture), Tokyo, The Seibu Museum of Art. Nagoya; Osaka.
Giorgio De Chirico, catalogue edited by W. Rubin, W. Schmied, J. Clair, Monaco di Baviera Haus der Kunst; Paris, Centre Georges Pompidou (1983).
I de Chirico di Sacerdoti opere dal 1922-1959, catalogue edited by C.B. Sakraischik, Rome, Galleria la Medusa.

1983
Giorgio de Chirico. Le retour de l’enfant prodigue, catalogue edited by I. Far, W. Schmied, M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Paris, Centre d’Art Plastique Contemporain Artcurial.
Pictor Optimus. Omaggio a Giorgio de Chirico, Riccione, Galleria la Tavolozza.

1984
Giorgio de Chirico. Il ritorno del cavaliere errante, catalogue edited by C. Siniscalco, Villongo (Bergamo), Palazzo Conti Passi.
Giorgio de Chirico opere grafiche, catalogue edited by C. Siniscalco, Tivoli, Centro Culturale “Rocca Pia”.
Giorgio de Chirico Post-Metaphysical and Baroque Paintings, 1920-1970, edited by C B. Sakraischik, R. Pincus-Witten, R. Miller, New York, Robert Miller Gallery.

1985
Giorgio de Chirico opere 1924-1973, catalogue edited by F. Quarantotto, Caserta, Palazzo Reale.
Late de Chirico 1940-1976, London, Riverside Studios.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, G. dalla Chiesa, C. Siniscalco, Ferrara, Galleria Civica d’Arte Moderna, Palazzo dei Diamanti.
Giorgio de Chirico “Pictor Optimus”, catalogue edited by C. Siniscalco, W. Schmied, Bolzano, Castel Mareccio.
De Chirico. Neo- Baroque, Paris, Artcurial.
Giorgio de Chirico album di disegni, Rome, Galleria Anna D’Ascanio.

1986
De Chirico, catalogue edited by C. Gian Ferrari, Milan, Galleria Gian Ferrari.
De Chirico. Gli Anni Venti, exhibition curated by M. Di Carlo, M. Simonetti, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Verona, Galleria d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea Palazzo Forti, Galleria dello Scudo; Milan, Palazzo Reale, 1987.
Giorgio de Chirico. La parola e l’immagine. Disegni, litografie e sculture, Parma, Assessorato alle Attività Culturali del Comune di Parma, Nuova Galleria del Teatro.

1987
La donazione Pakszswer de Chirico alla Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna di Rome, catalogue edited by A. Monferini. Rome, Complesso Monumentale del San Michele.
Giorgio de Chirico, Cortina D’Ampezzo, Cortina, Galleria Marescalchi.

1988
Giorgio de Chirico. Dalla partenza degli Argonauti alla vita silente, catalogue edited by C. Gian Ferrari, Lerici, Castello Monumentale; Saragozza, Sala del Museo Pablo Gargallo.
Giorgio de Chirico: Arma virumque cano. Il mito classico dell’eroe guerriero, catalogue edited by D. Guzzi, Rome, Leonardo Arte.
De Chirico nel centenario della nascita, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, Venezia, Museo Correr – Ala Napoleonica.
I de Chirico e i Savinio al Teatro della Scala, catalogue edited by R. Bossaglia, Milan, Ridott o della Scala.
Giorgio de Chirico, multipli – minisculture – sculture – gioiello, Spello, Vecchio Palazzo Comunale.

1989
Giorgio de Chirico 1920-1950, catalogue edited by M. Di Carlo, Principato di Monaco, Sale del Palazzo del Governo.
De Chirico. Le armi e l’eroe, catalogue edited by D. Guzzi, Argenta 1989, Convento dei Cappuccini.
Presenze 1900-1945, Venezia, Palazzo Grassi.
Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978, A. Monferini, Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico; Tokyo, Odakyu Grand Gallery Shinjuku; Kagawa, Takamatsu City Museum of Art; Osaka, Museo Daimaru-Umeda (1990).

1990
On Classic Ground: Picasso, Léger, de Chirico and the New Classicism 1910-1930, London, The Tate Gallery.
Giorgio de Chirico 1920-1950, catalogue edited by M. Di Carlo, New York, Borghi & Co.

1991
De Chirico, il Barocco. Dipinti degli anni ’30-’50, catalogue edited by L. Cavallo, M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Cortina d’Ampezzo, Galleria d’Arte Moderna Farsetti.
Giorgio de Chirico all’epoca del Surrealismo, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Lugano, Dream Gallery.
Un Museo immaginario per Giorgio de Chirico. 22 progetti, catalogue edited by D. Guzzi, G. Strappa, Studio S/arte contemporanea; Rome, Accademia di Villa Massimo.

1992
Giorgio de Chirico. Pictor Optimus, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, Rome, Carte Segrete.

1993
Giorgio de Chirico 1920-1950, Chiba, Museo Dipartimentale; Tokyo, Museo Teien; Osaka, Museo Navio; Hiroshima, Museo Fukuyama.
Giorgio de Chirico. Obra selecta, Mexico City, Museo de Arte Moderno.
Giorgio de Chirico. Pictor Optimus, catalogue edited by F. Benzi, M.G. Tolomeo Speranza, Rome, Palazzo delle Esposizioni; Genoa, Palazzo Ducale (1993).

1994
Giorgio de Chirico nelle collezioni della Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna. 78 opere dal 1909 al 1975, catalogue edited by A. Monferini, L. Velani, Rome, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna e Contemporanea.
Giorgio de Chirico. Betraying the Muse, de Chirico and Surrealists, edited by P. Baldacci, New York, Paolo Baldacci Gallery.

1995
De Chirico. La nuova Metafisica, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, M. Ursino, San Marino, Palazzo dei Congressi.
Giorgio de Chirico et le mythe grec, catalogue edited by Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Andros, Musée d’Art Contemporain; Volos.

1996
Giorgio de Chirico and America, catalogue edited by E. Braun, New York, The Bertha and Karl Leubsdorf Art Gallery at Hunter College of the City University of New York.
Giorgio de Chirico e il Mito 1920-1970, catalogue edited by M. Ursino, Aosta, Centro Saint-Bénin.

1997
Giorgio de Chirico. I gioielli della pittura, catalogue cura di M. Ursino, Vicenza, Ente Fiera.
Vita silente. Giorgio de Chirico dalla Metafisica al Barocco, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Acqui Terme, Palazzo Liceo Saracco.
Arnold Böcklin, Giorgio de Chirico, Max Ernst: Eine Reise ins Ungewisse, catalogue edited by G. Magnaguagno, J. Steiner, Zurigo, Kunsthaus Zürich. Monaco, Haus Der Kunst; Berlino, Nationalgalerie (1998).

1998
Giorgio de Chirico. Pinturas e esculturas, edited by A. Bonito Oliva, San Paolo del Brasile, Museo Brasileiro da Marilisa Rathsam.
Giorgio de Chirico. Il mito, le armi e l’eroe, catalogue edited by D. Guzzi, Colonnella, Centro Storico.
De Chirico. La Metafisica del Mediterraneo, catalogue edited by J. de Sanna – Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Taranto, Castello Aragonese;
De Chirico and the Mediterranean, catalogue edited by J. de Sanna, Rizzoli New York.
De Chirico. Gli Anni Trenta, catalogue edited by M. Di Carlo, M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, M. Simonetti, catalogue edited by M. Di Carlo, M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Verona, Galleria dello Scudo, Museo di Castelvecchio.
Il futuro alle spalle. Italia – Francia. L’arte tra le due guerre, catalogue edited by F. Pirani, Rome, Palazzo delle Esposizioni. XIII Quadriennale di Rome, Valori Plastici, Rome, Palazzo delle Esposizioni.
Giorgio de Chirico Metafisica dei bagni misteriosi, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Vicenza, LAMeC, Basilica Palladiana e Amedeo Porro Arte Moderna e Contemporanea.

1999
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by J. de Sanna, Cankarjev Dom, Lubiana.
De Chirico alla Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale di Florence, catalogue edited by P. C. Lazzeri, Florence, Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale Antichi Lavatoi.
Giorgio de Chirico 1888-1978 dipinti e sculture, catalogue edited by G. Barberis, F. Poli, Cherasco, Palazzo Salmatoris.

2000
De Chirico. Metafísica del tiempo, catalogue edited by J. de Sanna, Centro Cultural, Borges Buenos Aires.
Giorgio de Chirico. A Metaphysical Life, catalogue edited by S. Kijima, M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Tokyo, The Bunkamura Museum of Art; Ishikawa (2001); Oita, Kyoto.
De Chirico. La Metafisica del paesaggio 1909-1970, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Arezzo, Galleria comunale d’arte moderna.
Giorgio de Chirico. La Metafisica del Mediterraneo, catalogue edited by J. de Sanna – Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Milan, Spazio Oberdan.
De Chirico, Giorgio. Ritratti, figure e manichini fino alla Nuova Metafisica, catalogue edited by L. M. Barbero, Modena, Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio.
Novecento. Arte e storia in Italia, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, P. Ginsborg, F. Pirani, Rome, Scuderie Papali al Quirinale, Mercati di Traiano.

2001
Giorgio de Chirico. Les dix dernières années 1968-1978, catalogue edited by L. Busine, Charleroi, Palais des Beaux Arts.
L’Apocalypse Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by L. Busine, Charleroi, Palais des Beaux Arts.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by D. Sacerdoti, Milan, Galleria d’Arte Sacerdoti.
Giorgio de Chirico Capolavori ed opere scelte nelle collezioni piemontesi e lombarde, catalogue edited by M. Boscolo, C. Occhipinti, Fondazione Art Museo, Arona, Villa Ponti.
Die andere Moderne: de Chirico-Savinio, catalogue edited by P. Baldacci, W. Schmied, M. Holzhey, G. Roos, Düsseldorf, Kunstsammlung Nordrhein-Westfalen; Monaco di Baviera, Städtische Galerie im Lenbachaus (2002).
Giorgio de Chirico. Romentico e Barocco gli anni Quaranta e Cinquanta, catalogue edited by M. Fagiolo dell’Arco, Galleria d’Arte Moderna Farsett i, Cortina, Prato, Milan.

2002
Omaggio a de Chirico. Nove capitoli della sua vita artistica in 46 confronti, catalogue edited by G. Roos, A. M. Sette, Rome, Studio d’Arte Campaiola.
Giorgio de Chirico dalla Metafisica alla “Metafisica”, catalogue edited by V. Sgarbi, Potenza, Pinacoteca Provinciale.
Giorgio de Chirico, miti, enigmi, inquietudini, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, Palermo, Palazzo Ziino.
Giorgio de Chirico and the Myth of Ariadne, catalogue edited by M.R. Taylor, Philadelphia, Philadelphia Museum of Art.
Le Stanze dell’Arte: Figure e immagini del XX secolo, catalogue edited by G. Belli, Rovereto, Museo di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto (MART).
Giorgio de Chirico – Pictor Optimus, catalogue edited by C. Strinati, A. Tajani, Brussels , Parlamento Europeo.

2003
Giorgio de Chirico cavaliere dell’immaginazione errante nell’immaginario, catalogue edited by D. Guzzi, Chieti, Museo Archeologico Nazionale d’Abruzzo.
De Chirico et la peinture italienne de l’entre-deux guerres, Lodève, Musée de Lodève – Hôtel du Cardinal de Fleury.
Giorgio de Chirico – Gladiatori, catalogue edited by P. Baldacci, Biumo (Varese), Villa Litta – Menafoglio.
Ariadne. The sleeping nymph, edited by H.H. Brummer, Stoccolma, Prins Eugens Waldemarsudde.
Metafisica, catalogue edited by E. Coen, Rome, Scuderie del Quirinale.
Artemicrania? Opere e parole tra mal di testa e metafisica opere di Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by G. Porcella, Rome, Associazione Brutium.
Meta.fisica – Arte e filosofi a da de Chirico all’arte concettuale, catalogue edited by V. Dehò, Merano.

2004
Il grande Metafisico. Giorgio de Chirico scultore, catalogue edited by F. Ragazzi, Cremona, Palazzo Trecchi.
La Passione secondo de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Bonito Oliva, Rome, Chiesa di San Francesco d’Assisi a Ripa Grande; Napoli, Complesso Museale di Santa Chiara (2005).
Metafisico Primo il Grande Giorgio e qualche amico pittore: Soffici, de Pisis, Carrà, Morandi, Rosai, catalogue edited by F. Calarota, Bologna, Galleria d’Arte Maggiore.
A Triple Alliance. Giorgio de Chirico, Francis Picabia, Andy Warhol, catalogue edited by E. Sperone, New York, Sperone Westwater Gallery.

2006
Italia Nova. Une aventure de l’Art Italien. 1900-1950, catalogue edited by Réunion des musées nationaux, Paris, e del Museo di Arte Moderna e Contemporanea di Trento e Rovereto (MART), Paris, Galeries Nationales du Grand Palais.
Enigma variations: Philippe Guston and Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by M.R. Taylor e L. Melandri, Santa Monica, Santa Monica Museum of Art.
Giorgio de Chirico, catalogue edited by M. Mucciaccia, Rome, Galleria Mucciaccia.
Giorgio de Chirico. Segno del Genio, catalogue edited by L. La Rocca, Palermo, Galleria La Rocca.
Giorgio de Chirico L’enigma e la Gloria, catalogue edited by C. Crescentini, T. Sicoli, M. Calvesi, Catanzaro, Complesso Monumentale del San Giovanni.
La famiglia de Chirico. I geni della pittura. Giorgio de Chirico, Alberto Savinio e Ruggero Savinio, catalogue edited by S. Pegoraro, Francavilla al Mare (Chieti), MuMi Museo Michetti, Palazzo San Domenico.

2007
De Chirico, catalogue edited by P. Baldacci, G. Roos. Padova, Palazzo Zabarella.
Giorgio de Chirico – Alberto Savinio. Colloquio, catalogue edited by L. Cavadini, S. Pegoraro, Lissone, Museo d’Arte Contemporanea.
Giorgio de Chirico and Greece: Voyage Through Memory, catalogue edited by T. Mavrotas – Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, Atene, Athinais Cultural Center; New York, The Onassis Cultural Center.
El siglo de Giorgio de Chirico. Metafísica y arquitectura, catalogue edited by V. Trione, Valencia, IVAM – Instituto d’arte moderna.
Renato Guttuso. La potenza dell’immagine, catalogue edited by F. Carapezza Guttuso e D. Favatella Lo Cascio, Palermo, Bagheria, Museo Guttuso.
Apocalisse. L’ultima rivelazione, catalogue edited by A. Gerett i e S. Castri, Udine, Casa delle Esposizioni; Rome, Musei Vaticani.
Giorgio de Chirico e un Novecento – prima e dopo la Transavanguardia, catalogue edited by G. Faccenda, Fiesole, Fiesole Musei.
Il teatro degli artisti, da Picasso a Calder, da de Chirico a Guttuso, scene, bozzetti e costumi dal Teatro dell’Opera di Rome, catalogue edited by M. Capella, Ciliverghe (BS), Musei Mazzucchelli.

2008
Giorgio de Chirico la “Metafisica continua”, Opere della Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, catalogue edited by M. Calvesi, Palermo, Galleria d’Arte Moderna.
Giorgio de Chirico (1988-1978). Eine metaphysische Reise / Giorgio de Chirico. A Metaphysical Journey, Paintings 1909- 1973, catalogue edited by G. Roos, Zurigo, Galerie Andrea Caratsch; Berlino, Galerie Michael Haas.
Giorgio de Chirico: Werke 1909-1971, catalogue edited by G. Roos, D. Schwarz, Winterthur, Kunstmuseum.
Giorgio de Chirico. Mito e Mistero, catalogue edited by S. Pegoraro, Castelbasso, Borgo Medievale.
Giorgio de Chirico: Il metafisico ovvero il teatro degli enigmi, catalogue edited by S. Costa, Ravenna, Palazzo Mauro de André.
De Chirico e il Museo, catalogue edited by M. Ursino, Rome, Galleria Nazionale d’Arte Moderna.
Giorgio de Chirico e il segno, catalogue edited by A. Baccilieri, Civitanova Marche Alta, Auditorium Sant’Agostino.
Giorgio de Chirico L’enigma nella pittura, catalogue edited by G. Faccenda, Pontedera, Museo Piaggio.
Omaggio a de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Porcella e G. Porcella, Rome, Galleria Ca d’Oro.
Giorgio de Chirico: 30 disegni, catalogue edited by C. Siniscalco, Rome, Studio S Arte Contemporanea.

2009
La magia della linea: 110 disegni di de Chirico dalla Fondazione Giorgio e Isa de Chirico, catalogue edited by E. Pontiggia, Rome, Museo Carlo Bilotti, Aranciera di Villa Borghese.
Giorgio de Chirico. La Fabrique des Rêves, catalogue edited by J. Munck, Paris, Musée d’Art moderne de la Ville de Paris.
Giorgio de Chirico: La suggestione del classico, catalogue edited by V. Noel-Johnson, S. D’Angelosante and M. Romito, Cava de’ Tirreni – Galleria Civica d’Arte; Pavia, Scuderie del Castello Visconteo (2010).
Ingres et les moderns, catalogue edited by D. Salmon, Quebec, Musée National des Beaux Arts; Montauban, Musée Ingres.
Los Esquizos de Madrid, catalogue edited by M. Escribano, I. López Munuera, Madrid, Museo Nacional Centro de Arte Reina Sofia.
De Chirico, Max Ernst, Magritte, Balthus. Uno sguardo nell’invisibile, catalogue edited by P. Baldacci, Guido Magnaguagno, Gerd Roos, Florence, Palazzo Strozzi.
La Natura secondo de Chirico, catalogue edited by A. Bonito Oliva, Rome. Palazzo delle Esposizioni.
De Chirico all’orizzonte. Un’odissea di luci e idee, catalogue edited by K. Robinson, Lacco Ameno, Ischia Complesso Museale di Villa Arbusto.
À toutes les morts, égales et cachées dans la nuit, catalogue edited by L. Busine, Grand Hornu, Musée des Arts Contemporains de la Communauté français de Belgique au Grand Hornu.

Biography

Childhood and education: Greece-Munich-Milano 1888-1909

Metaphysical Art: Florence-Paris-Ferrara 1910-1918

The Romantic-classical period: Rome 1919-1925

The Second Period in Paris and in Italy: Paris-Milan-Florence 1925-1935

America: New York 1936-1938

Europe pre and postwar: Milan-Paris-Florence-Rome 1938-1946

Rome at last: Piazza di Spagna 1947-1967

The final years - Metaphsyical Art: Rome 1968-1978

Artwork

Paintings

Works on paper

Sculpture

Theatre

Written Work

Written Work

Collected Writings

Collected Writings: 1911-1920

Collected Writings: 1920-1930

Collected Writings: 1930-1940

Collected Writings: 1940-1950

Collected Writings: 1950-1978

Researches, studies and documentation

Essays

Autobiographies

Correspondence

Poetry

Drama

Interviews

Interviews

Interviews

Bibliography

Bibliography

Bibliography

Catalogues of Works

Exhibitions from 1970